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Autor: Lars Johanson

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Die Suche erzielte 8 Treffer.

Two-consonant conjuncts in Turkic runiform texts article

Lars Johanson

Turkic Languages, Jahrgang 27 (2023), Ausgabe 1, Seite 3 - 9

The paper deals with the use of consonantal cluster conjuncts in the Turkic runiform script system optimally adapted to the East Old Turkic sound structure. The author argues that this system follows essentially syllabic principles distinguishing between front and back syllables. When two consonants meet, conjunct letters may be used, indicating that no inherent vowel is to be pronounced before the second consonant. Special signs were added for combinations such as ld and nd. These have developed into characters in their own right.

Keywords: East Old Turkic script system; syllabic principle; consonantal cluster conjuncts

Five dimensions of linguistic distance article

Lars Johanson

Turkic Languages, Jahrgang 22 (2018), Ausgabe 1, Seite 36 - 42

Spoken in the extreme northeastern part of the Tibetan plateau, Salar shares a long history of contact with the neighbouring Tibetic, Sinitic and Mongolic varieties (see e.g. Dwyer 1995, Janhunen 2007). Together with western Sarïgh Yugur/Yellow Uighur, it is the only Turkic language where subject indexation on the verb phrase is impossible (Johanson and Csató 1998: 52–53). Parallel to this loss, new, semantic-pragmatic oriented categories of evidentiality have developed, under the influence of Tibetan evidential categories. Comparison with the Tibetic language varieties spoken in the Salar speaking area shows that the Tibetan category of egophoricity is necessary for the description of a subset of evidential markers in Salar. This paper aims to highlight the coexistence of a direct vs. Indirect opposition with an egophoric-heterophoric opposition in Salar, together with the extension of evidentiality to non-perfective aspects in this language.

Degrees of grammaticalization of Kazakh nominal relators article

Lars Johanson

Turkic Languages, Jahrgang 19 (2016), Ausgabe 2, Seite 156 - 162

The paper deals with degrees of grammaticalization of nominal relators in Kazakh, suggesting a new kind of systematic classification. Grammatical relators are understood as free or bound elements occurring after nominals to mark their syntactic functions. Four levels of relators are distinguished: (i) case relators, (ii) opaque postpositional relators, (iii) less grammaticalized relators, and (iv) complex postpositional relators. The four levels represent decreasing degrees of grammaticalization.

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Issue 2 / 2023